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1.
Med. clín (Ed. impr.) ; 161(12): 523-529, dic. 2023. tab
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-228466

RESUMO

Purpose The presence of a respiratory virus in patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) may have an impact on the bacterial etiology and clinical presentation. In this study we aimed to assess the role of viral infection in the bacterial etiology and outcomes of patients with CAP. Methods We performed a retrospective study of all adults hospitalized with CAP between November 2017 and October 2018. Patients were classified according to the presence of viral infection. An unvaried and a multivaried analysis were performed to identify variables associated with viral infection and clinical outcomes. Results Overall 590 patients were included. A microorganism was documented in 375 cases (63.5%). A viral infection was demonstrated in 118 (20%). The main pathogens were Streptococcus pneumoniae (35.8%), Staphylococcus aureus (2.9%) and influenza virus (10.8%). A trend to a higher rate of S. aureus (p = 0.06) in patients with viral infection was observed. Patients with viral infection had more often bilateral consolidation patterns (17.8% vs 10.8%, p = 0.04), respiratory failure (59.3% vs 42.8%, p = 0.001), ICU admission (17.8% vs 7%, p = 0.001) and invasive mechanical ventilation (9.3% vs 2.8%, p = 0.003). Risk factors for respiratory failure were chronic lung disease, age >65 years, positive blood cultures and viral infection. Influenza, virus but no other respiratory viruses, was associated with respiratory failure (OR, 3.72; 95% CI, 2.06–6.73). Conclusions Our study reinforces the idea that co-viral infection has an impact in the clinical presentation of CAP causing a more severe clinical picture. This impact seems to be mainly due to influenza virus infection (AU)


Objetivos La presencia de virus respiratorios en pacientes con neumonía adquirida en la comunidad (NAC) puede tener un impacto en la etiología bacteriana y en la presentación clínica. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar el papel de la infección viral en la etiología bacteriana y la evolución de los pacientes con NAC. Métodos Realizamos un estudio retrospectivo de todos los adultos hospitalizados con diagnóstico de NAC entre noviembre de 2017 y octubre de 2018. Los pacientes fueron clasificados según la presencia de infección viral. Se realizó un análisis univariado y multivariado para identificar variables asociadas con la infección viral y la evolución clínica. Resultados En total se incluyeron 590 pacientes. Se documentó el microorganismo en 375 casos (63,5%). Se demostró una infección viral en 118 (20%). Los principales patógenos fueron S. pneumoniae (35,8%), S. aureus (2,9%) y virus de la influenza (10,8%). Se observó una tendencia a una mayor tasa de S. aureus (p = 0,06) en pacientes con infección viral. Los pacientes con infección viral tenían con mayor frecuencia patrones de consolidación bilateral (17,8% vs 10,8%; p = 0,04), insuficiencia respiratoria (59,3% vs 42,8%; p = 0,001), ingreso en UCI (17,8% vs 7%; p = 0,001) y necesidad de ventilación mecánica invasiva (9,3% vs 2,8%; p = 0,003). Los factores de riesgo para insuficiencia respiratoria fueron enfermedad pulmonar crónica, edad >65 años, hemocultivos positivos e infección viral. El virus de la influenza, pero ningún otro virus respiratorio, se asoció con insuficiencia respiratoria (OR: 3,72; IC 95%: 2,06-6,73). Conclusiones Nuestro estudio refuerza la idea de que la infección viral tiene un impacto en la presentación clínica de la NAC provocando un cuadro clínico más grave. Este impacto parece deberse principalmente a la infección por el virus de la influenza (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Idoso , Infecções Comunitárias Adquiridas/virologia , Pneumonia Viral/virologia , Carga Viral , Estudos Retrospectivos , Estudos de Coortes
2.
Med Clin (Barc) ; 161(12): 523-529, 2023 12 22.
Artigo em Inglês, Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37598051

RESUMO

PURPOSE: The presence of a respiratory virus in patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) may have an impact on the bacterial etiology and clinical presentation. In this study we aimed to assess the role of viral infection in the bacterial etiology and outcomes of patients with CAP. METHODS: We performed a retrospective study of all adults hospitalized with CAP between November 2017 and October 2018. Patients were classified according to the presence of viral infection. An unvaried and a multivaried analysis were performed to identify variables associated with viral infection and clinical outcomes. RESULTS: Overall 590 patients were included. A microorganism was documented in 375 cases (63.5%). A viral infection was demonstrated in 118 (20%). The main pathogens were Streptococcus pneumoniae (35.8%), Staphylococcus aureus (2.9%) and influenza virus (10.8%). A trend to a higher rate of S. aureus (p=0.06) in patients with viral infection was observed. Patients with viral infection had more often bilateral consolidation patterns (17.8% vs 10.8%, p=0.04), respiratory failure (59.3% vs 42.8%, p=0.001), ICU admission (17.8% vs 7%, p=0.001) and invasive mechanical ventilation (9.3% vs 2.8%, p=0.003). Risk factors for respiratory failure were chronic lung disease, age >65 years, positive blood cultures and viral infection. Influenza, virus but no other respiratory viruses, was associated with respiratory failure (OR, 3.72; 95% CI, 2.06-6.73). CONCLUSIONS: Our study reinforces the idea that co-viral infection has an impact in the clinical presentation of CAP causing a more severe clinical picture. This impact seems to be mainly due to influenza virus infection.


Assuntos
Infecções Comunitárias Adquiridas , Influenza Humana , Pneumonia Viral , Pneumonia , Insuficiência Respiratória , Viroses , Adulto , Humanos , Idoso , Influenza Humana/complicações , Influenza Humana/diagnóstico , Pneumonia Viral/complicações , Pneumonia Viral/diagnóstico , Estudos Retrospectivos , Staphylococcus aureus , Pneumonia/etiologia , Insuficiência Respiratória/complicações , Infecções Comunitárias Adquiridas/etiologia
3.
J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis ; 31(6): 106470, 2022 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35398625

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To present a rare cause of recurrent posterior embolic strokes originating from a partially thrombosed pseudoaneurysm of a shoulder artery after arthroscopy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The clinical history, complementary studies and follow-up were reviewed. RESULTS: The patient was successfully embolized and presented no new ischemic episodes at the 3-month follow-up visit. CONCLUSIONS: Shoulder artery pseudoaneurysm should be considered as an unusual source of posterior embolic strokes.


Assuntos
Falso Aneurisma , AVC Embólico , Embolia , Embolização Terapêutica , Acidente Vascular Cerebral , Falso Aneurisma/complicações , Falso Aneurisma/diagnóstico por imagem , Artérias , Infarto Cerebral/complicações , Embolia/complicações , Embolia/diagnóstico por imagem , Embolização Terapêutica/efeitos adversos , Humanos , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/diagnóstico por imagem , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/etiologia , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/terapia
4.
Colomb Med (Cali) ; 52(2): e4054807, 2021.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34908620

RESUMO

Carotid artery trauma carries a high risk of neurological sequelae and death. Surgical management of these injuries has been controversial because it entails deciding between repair or ligation of the vessel, for which there is still no true consensus either way. This article proposes a new management strategy for carotid artery injuries based on the principles of damage control surgery which include endovascular and/or traditional open repair techniques. The decision to operate immediately or to perform further imaging studies will depend on the patient's hemodynamic status. If the patient presents with massive bleeding, an expanding neck hematoma or refractory hypovolemic shock, urgent surgical intervention is indicated. An altered mental status upon arrival is a potentially poor prognosis marker and should be taken into account in the therapeutic decision-making. We describe a step-by-step algorithmic approach to these injuries, including open and endovascular techniques. In addition, conservative non-operative management has also been included as a potentially viable strategy in selected patients, which avoids unnecessary surgery in many cases.


El trauma de la arteria carótida tiene una alta probabilidad de muerte y de secuelas neurológicas. El manejo quirúrgico es objeto de controversia porque se tiene que decidir entre reparar la arteria carótida o ligarla, para lo cual aún no existe un consenso. El objetivo de este artículo es proponer una nueva estrategia de manejo para el trauma de la arteria carótida con los principios de la cirugía de control de daños y el uso de técnicas como el reparo endovascular o el manejo conservador. La decisión de operar el paciente inmediatamente o realizar estudios imagenológicos dependerá del estado hemodinámico del paciente. Si el paciente presenta sangrado masivo, hematoma expansivo o choque hipovolémico refractario, una intervención quirúrgica urgente esta indicada. Un déficit del estado neurológico al ingreso es un marcador de mal pronóstico en estos casos e influye en la toma de decisiones. Se describe el paso a paso del reparo vascular abierto y se incluye las estrategias de manejo tanto endovasculares como abiertas. Adicionalmente, el manejo conservador también ha sido incluido como una estrategia viable en pacientes seleccionados, evitando cirugías innecesarias.


Assuntos
Lesões das Artérias Carótidas , Lesões das Artérias Carótidas/etiologia , Lesões das Artérias Carótidas/cirurgia , Humanos
5.
Colomb Med (Cali) ; 52(2): e4164800, 2021.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34908624

RESUMO

Resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta (REBOA) is commonly used as an adjunct to resuscitation and bridge to definitive control of non-compressible torso hemorrhage in patients with hemorrhagic shock. It has also been performed for patients with neurogenic shock to support the central aortic pressure necessary for cerebral, coronary and spinal cord perfusion. Although volume replacement and vasopressors are the cornerstones of the management of neurogenic shock, we believe that a REBOA can be used as an adjunct in carefully selected cases to prevent prolonged hypotension and the risk of further anoxic spinal cord injury. This manuscript aims to propose a new damage control algorithmic approach to refractory neurogenic shock that includes the use of a REBOA in Zone 3. There are still unanswered questions on spinal cord perfusion and functional outcomes using a REBOA in Zone 3 in trauma patients with refractory neurogenic shock. However, we believe that its use in these case scenarios can be beneficial to the overall outcome of these patients.


El Balón de Resucitación Endovascular de Oclusión Aórtica (REBOA) se utiliza habitualmente como complemento de la reanimación y como puente para el control definitivo de la hemorragia no compresible del torso en pacientes con shock hemorrágico. También se ha implementado en pacientes con choque neurogénico para mantener la presión aórtica central necesaria para la perfusión cerebral, coronaria y de la médula espinal. Aunque la reanimación hídrica y el uso de vasopresores son los pilares en el manejo del choque neurogénico, el REBOA puede utilizarse como complemento en casos cuidadosamente seleccionados para evitar la hipotensión prolongada y el riesgo de una lesión medular anóxica mayor. El objetivo de este artículo es proponer un algoritmo para el abordaje y manejo del choque neurogénico refractario que incluye el uso del REBOA en Zona III como estrategia para el control de daños. Todavía existen interrogantes respecto a la perfusión de la médula espinal y aún se cuestionan los resultados funcionales con el uso del REBOA en pacientes con trauma y choque neurogénico refractario. No obstante, se cree que el uso adecuado del REBOA en determinados escenarios puede mejorar los resultados globales de estos pacientes.


Assuntos
Oclusão com Balão , Procedimentos Endovasculares , Choque Hemorrágico , Algoritmos , Humanos , Ressuscitação , Choque Hemorrágico/terapia
6.
Colomb. med ; 52(2): e4054807, Apr.-June 2021. tab, graf
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1339730

RESUMO

Abstract Carotid artery trauma carries a high risk of neurological sequelae and death. Surgical management of these injuries has been controversial because it entails deciding between repair or ligation of the vessel, for which there is still no true consensus either way. This article proposes a new management strategy for carotid artery injuries based on the principles of damage control surgery which include endovascular and/or traditional open repair techniques. The decision to operate immediately or to perform further imaging studies will depend on the patient's hemodynamic status. If the patient presents with massive bleeding, an expanding neck hematoma or refractory hypovolemic shock, urgent surgical intervention is indicated. An altered mental status upon arrival is a potentially poor prognosis marker and should be taken into account in the therapeutic decision-making. We describe a step-by-step algorithmic approach to these injuries, including open and endovascular techniques. In addition, conservative non-operative management has also been included as a potentially viable strategy in selected patients, which avoids unnecessary surgery in many cases.


Resumen El trauma de la arteria carótida tiene una alta probabilidad de muerte y de secuelas neurológicas. El manejo quirúrgico es objeto de controversia porque se tiene que decidir entre reparar la arteria carótida o ligarla, para lo cual aún no existe un consenso. El objetivo de este artículo es proponer una nueva estrategia de manejo para el trauma de la arteria carótida con los principios de la cirugía de control de daños y el uso de técnicas como el reparo endovascular o el manejo conservador. La decisión de operar el paciente inmediatamente o realizar estudios imagenológicos dependerá del estado hemodinámico del paciente. Si el paciente presenta sangrado masivo, hematoma expansivo o choque hipovolémico refractario, una intervención quirúrgica urgente esta indicada. Un déficit del estado neurológico al ingreso es un marcador de mal pronóstico en estos casos e influye en la toma de decisiones. Se describe el paso a paso del reparo vascular abierto y se incluye las estrategias de manejo tanto endovasculares como abiertas. Adicionalmente, el manejo conservador también ha sido incluido como una estrategia viable en pacientes seleccionados, evitando cirugías innecesarias.

7.
Colomb. med ; 52(2): e4164800, Apr.-June 2021. tab, graf
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1339734

RESUMO

Abstract Resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta (REBOA) is commonly used as an adjunct to resuscitation and bridge to definitive control of non-compressible torso hemorrhage in patients with hemorrhagic shock. It has also been performed for patients with neurogenic shock to support the central aortic pressure necessary for cerebral, coronary and spinal cord perfusion. Although volume replacement and vasopressors are the cornerstones of the management of neurogenic shock, we believe that a REBOA can be used as an adjunct in carefully selected cases to prevent prolonged hypotension and the risk of further anoxic spinal cord injury. This manuscript aims to propose a new damage control algorithmic approach to refractory neurogenic shock that includes the use of a REBOA in Zone 3. There are still unanswered questions on spinal cord perfusion and functional outcomes using a REBOA in Zone 3 in trauma patients with refractory neurogenic shock. However, we believe that its use in these case scenarios can be beneficial to the overall outcome of these patients.


Resumen El Balón de Resucitación Endovascular de Oclusión Aórtica (REBOA) se utiliza habitualmente como complemento de la reanimación y como puente para el control definitivo de la hemorragia no compresible del torso en pacientes con shock hemorrágico. También se ha implementado en pacientes con choque neurogénico para mantener la presión aórtica central necesaria para la perfusión cerebral, coronaria y de la médula espinal. Aunque la reanimación hídrica y el uso de vasopresores son los pilares en el manejo del choque neurogénico, el REBOA puede utilizarse como complemento en casos cuidadosamente seleccionados para evitar la hipotensión prolongada y el riesgo de una lesión medular anóxica mayor. El objetivo de este artículo es proponer un algoritmo para el abordaje y manejo del choque neurogénico refractario que incluye el uso del REBOA en Zona III como estrategia para el control de daños. Todavía existen interrogantes respecto a la perfusión de la médula espinal y aún se cuestionan los resultados funcionales con el uso del REBOA en pacientes con trauma y choque neurogénico refractario. No obstante, se cree que el uso adecuado del REBOA en determinados escenarios puede mejorar los resultados globales de estos pacientes.

8.
J Virol Methods ; 289: 114039, 2021 03.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33338545

RESUMO

Dried blood spots (DBS) have been proposed as an alternative diagnostic technique for chronic viral hepatitis. The aim of this observational study was to correlate serologic HBV, HCV, and HDV status and reflex the respective viral load testing by PSC-DBS samples from capillary blood vs conventional plasma samples in patients with chronic viral hepatitis. Besides, we apply these tests in a prospective study for chronic viral hepatitis diagnosis in a rural region of sub-Saharan Africa. In total, 124 HBsAg-positive patients, 75 anti-HCV positive, 2 with HBV-HCV coinfection, and 13 anti-HDV positive were included. PSC-DBS sensitivity/specificity was 98.4 %/96.2 % for HBsAg detection, 98.7 %/100 % for anti-HCV, and 84.6 %/100 % for anti-HDV. HCV-RNA was quantified in all viremic patients using DBS. Only 42 of 78 (53.8 %) samples with HBV-DNA viremia were quantifiable by DBS. Sensitivity increased to 95.7 % in patients with HBV-DNA levels >2000 IU/mL. There was a high correlation between DBS and venous blood. The prevalence of HBsAg among the 93 individuals tested in Angola was 11 %, and 60 % of cases had detectable HBV-DNA viremia. As a conclusion, PSC-DBS is useful for chronic viral hepatitis screening and reflex molecular diagnosis showing globally high sensitivities and correlation with conventional blood samples.


Assuntos
Teste em Amostras de Sangue Seco , Hepatite Viral Humana , Hepacivirus , Antígenos de Superfície da Hepatite B , Humanos , Estudos Prospectivos , Reflexo , Sensibilidade e Especificidade , Carga Viral
9.
Salud(i)ciencia (Impresa) ; 24(4): 190-194, nov. 2020. ilus.
Artigo em Espanhol | BINACIS, LILACS | ID: biblio-1254422

RESUMO

Neurofibromatosis is a disease caused by a mutation on chromosome 17, and was described by Friedrich Daniel von Recklinghausen in 1882. It is characterized by the appearance of benign tumors in different organs that can occasionally turn malignant. Four types of neurofibromatosis are described; being type 1 the most frequent, produced by mutations in NF1 gene inhibiting neurofibromin, and in a small percentage of cases by 17q11 microdeletion. In 50% of cases, it is autosomal dominant and the penetrance is 100%. Its prevalence is 1/3000 births and affects both sexes equally. The diagnosis is done by the presence of characteristic signs and can be corroborated through genetic studies. It usually manifests in childhood and involves skin issues, formation of multiple neurofibromas, gliomas of the optic pathway, hamartomas of the iris, bone malformations, arterial hypertension, vascular alterations, intracranial and peripheral nerve sheath tumors, seizures, hydrocephalus, cognitive deficits and learning difficulties. Vascular disease is a rare complication that is usually asymptomatic and can affect the vessels that go from the proximal aorta to small arterioles, including arterial stenosis, aneurysms and arteriovenous malformations. The prognosis is usually good, with neoplasms and vascular diseases being the cause of early mortality. We present the case of a patient with a diagnosis of neurofibromatosis type 1 who presents a rupture of a pseudoaneurysm dependent on the left temporal artery with a fistula with drainage to the superficial facial vein that resulved favorably by endovascular treatment.


La neurofibromatosis es una enfermedad producida por una mutación en el cromosoma 17; fue descrita por Friedrich Daniel von Recklinghausen en 1882. Se caracteriza por la aparición de tumores benignos en distintos órganos que, ocasionalmente, pueden malignizarse. Se describen cuatro tipos de neurofibromatosis; la más frecuente es la de tipo 1, que se produce por mutaciones en el gen NF1, inhibiendo la neurofibromina, y en un pequeño porcentaje de casos por microdeleción 17q11. En el 50% de los casos es autosómica dominante y la penetrancia es del 100%. Su prevalencia es de 1/3000 nacidos vivos y afecta por igual a ambos sexos. El diagnóstico se efectúa por la presencia de signos característicos y puede corroborarse por medio de estudios genéticos. Suele manifestarse en la infancia y comprometer la piel, con formación de múltiples neurofibromas, gliomas de la vía óptica, hamartomas del iris, malformaciones óseas, hipertensión arterial, alteraciones vasculares, tumores intracraneales y de las vainas de nervios periféricos, convulsiones, hidrocefalia, déficit cognitivo y dificultades del aprendizaje. La enfermedad vascular es una complicación rara que suele ser asintomática, puede afectar los vasos que van desde la aorta proximal hasta las arteriolas pequeñas, incluyendo estenosis arteriales, aneurismas y malformaciones arteriovenosas. El pronóstico suele ser bueno; las causas de mortalidad temprana son las neoplasias y las vasculopatías. Presentamos el caso de un paciente con diagnóstico de neurofibromatosis tipo 1 que presentó ruptura de seudoaneurisma dependiente de la arteria temporal izquierda, con fístula con drenaje a la vena facial superficial, que se resolvió favorablemente mediante tratamiento endovascular


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Adulto , Angiografia , Neurofibromatose 1 , Neurofibromatoses , Falso Aneurisma , Neurofibromina 1 , Embolização Terapêutica , Terapêutica
10.
Ann Vasc Surg ; 67: 67-70, 2020 Aug.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31678545

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: The prevalence of a bovine aortic arch configuration is higher in patients treated for thoracic aortic aneurysms and type B dissection; its prevalence in aortic isthmic trauma has not been described. METHODS: A case control study was performed comparing consecutive patients treated at our institution for acute isthmic aortic transection after blunt trauma between 2002 and 2019 and a control group of consecutive sex-matched individuals undergoing imaging for nonaortic disease. Imaging and clinical findings were reviewed. Subjects were divided into bovine and nonbovine groups and prevalence was compared. The length of the aortic segment between the left subclavian artery (LSA) and the next proximal great vessel was measured in the control population and a comparison was performed between bovine and nonbovine aortic arch subjects. RESULTS: Thirty-three consecutive (30 male) patients were reviewed, 66 individuals (60 male) were included in the control group. A higher incidence of bovine arch in trauma patients was found: 57.6% vs. 34.8% (P = 0.007). The median (range, mm) and mean (SD) distance between the bovine trunk and the LSA were 13 mm (2-27) and 12.4 mm (5.9), respectively, compared with 5 mm (1-27) and 7.8 mm (6.1) between the left common carotid and LSA in nonbovine aortic arches (P < 0.005). CONCLUSION: A higher incidence of bovine arch in patients reaching out for surgical treatment for traumatic isthmic aortic transection was found in our population. Clinical interpretation of this finding can lead to several alternatives. Confirmation with larger series and data on prevalence of this anatomic variation in nonsurvivors is needed to provide a better understanding of this finding.


Assuntos
Aorta Torácica/anormalidades , Malformações Vasculares/epidemiologia , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Vasculares , Lesões do Sistema Vascular/cirurgia , Ferimentos não Penetrantes/cirurgia , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Pontos de Referência Anatômicos , Aorta Torácica/diagnóstico por imagem , Aortografia , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Chile/epidemiologia , Angiografia por Tomografia Computadorizada , Feminino , Humanos , Incidência , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Prevalência , Artéria Subclávia/diagnóstico por imagem , Malformações Vasculares/diagnóstico por imagem , Lesões do Sistema Vascular/diagnóstico por imagem , Lesões do Sistema Vascular/epidemiologia , Ferimentos não Penetrantes/diagnóstico por imagem , Ferimentos não Penetrantes/epidemiologia , Adulto Jovem
11.
Ann Vasc Surg ; 64: 411.e1-411.e4, 2020 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31639477

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: True internal mammary artery aneurysms are rare but rupture has been described. CASE REPORT: A 39-year-old male patient with Marfan syndrome was diagnosed with large asymptomatic bilateral internal mammary artery aneurysms (IMAAs) on contrast-enhanced CT scan, without other arterial lesions. Both aneurysms were coil embolized, a stent graft was deployed in the left subclavian artery to cover a wide neck that precluded complete and safe embolization of the left IMAA. Reintervention on the right side was performed 5 years later due to recanalization. Eight years after the initial procedure, the patient presented with a type A aortic dissection that was successfully repaired. CONCLUSIONS: Although extremely rare, endovascular treatment should be considered to prevent rupture of internal mammary artery aneurysms.


Assuntos
Aneurisma/cirurgia , Implante de Prótese Vascular , Procedimentos Endovasculares , Artéria Torácica Interna/cirurgia , Síndrome de Marfan/complicações , Adulto , Aneurisma/diagnóstico por imagem , Aneurisma/etiologia , Prótese Vascular , Implante de Prótese Vascular/instrumentação , Embolização Terapêutica , Procedimentos Endovasculares/instrumentação , Humanos , Masculino , Artéria Torácica Interna/diagnóstico por imagem , Síndrome de Marfan/diagnóstico , Stents , Resultado do Tratamento
12.
Salud(i)ciencia (Impresa) ; 23(4): 343-347, mar. 2019. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | BINACIS, LILACS | ID: biblio-1010211

RESUMO

La paquimeningitis hipertrófica es una entidad infrecuente que puede ser idiopática o secundaria, y dado que incluso un diagnóstico acertado y un correcto tratamiento pueden dejar secuelas neurológicas graves o, incluso, producir la muerte, presentamos este caso en el que consideramos que la causa fue una meningitis que no recibió tratamiento adecuado al inicio de los síntomas y que tuvo una respuesta satisfactoria al tratamiento con corticoides, inicialmente en altas dosis.


Assuntos
Humanos , Corticosteroides/uso terapêutico , Diagnóstico , Dura-Máter , Meningite , Meningite/tratamento farmacológico
15.
Salud(i)ciencia (Impresa) ; 21(6): 598-603, oct.2015. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-785423

RESUMO

El modelo matemático predictivo de mortalidad para la hemorragia supratentorial espontánea incorpora tres variables tomográficas (volumen del hematoma, desviación de la línea media y presencia de volcado ventricular) que mostraron predecir con alta sensibilidad y especificidad la evolucióna los treinta días de los pacientes estudiados; sin embargo, este modelo aún no ha sido validado externamente. Objetivo: El propósito del presente estudio fue determinar si mediante este modelo se pueden estratificar pacientes de una cohorte independiente. Materiales y métodos: Se incluyeron en el presente estudio los pacientes que tuvieron hemorragia supratentorial espontánea internados en la unidad de cuidados intensivos del Hospital Zonal de Agudos General Manuel Belgrano y de la Clínica Privada Independencia. Los criterios de ingreso al estudio, el análisis estadístico y la fórmula utilizada fueron las mismas que en el trabajo original, y se evaluó la mortalidad a los treinta días de producido el sangrado. Resultados: Se incluyeron en total 75 pacientes con una edad promedio de 53.8 años, el 80% correspondió al sexo masculino, la mortalidad global a los treinta días fue del 38.67%. De acuerdo con la prueba de bondad de ajuste, el modelo coincide con la realidad. La especificidad y la sensibilidad obtenidas en la cohorte analizada fueron del 93.5% y del 86.2%, respectivamente, y clasificó correctamente el 90.7% de los pacientes. El área bajo la curva ROC fue de 0.93. Conclusiones: De acuerdo con los datos obtenidos en el presente estudio podemos concluir que el modelo matemático analizado podría ser utilizado para estandarizar protocolos...


Assuntos
Acidente Vascular Cerebral , Hemorragia Cerebral , Hemorragia , Morbidade , Mortalidade , Guias como Assunto
16.
rev. psicogente ; 18(33): 166-187, jun. 2015. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-963493

RESUMO

El presente artículo pretende desarrollar una revisión teórica a partir de la selección, organización, sistematización y análisis de un grupo de textos y documentos electrónicos referidos a los hábitos y técnicas de estudio. Todo ello con la intención de responder los siguientes interrogantes: ¿Qué son los hábitos de estudio y cómo afectan el aprendizaje de los universitarios?, ¿qué son las técnicas de estudio?, ¿cuáles son las técnicas de estudio más empleadas por los estudiantes universitarios en la actualidad? Se concluyó que el estudio de este tema tiene una importante vigencia, debido a la necesidad práctica de evaluar, comprender y mejorar estos factores en los estudiantes de todos los niveles escolares, y en especial en los que cursan estudios superiores, a fin de optimizar los procesos de enseñanza y aprendizaje desarrollados en los contextos escolares.


This article aims to develop a theoretical review on the theme 'Habits and Study Skills' with the purpose on showing the selection, organization, systematization and analysis of a group of texts and electronic documents related to the subject. The results seek to answer questions such as: Which are the study habits and how do they affect learning for university students? What are study skills? And which are some of the study techniques employed by most college students today? Concluding that the study is very relevant because of the practical need to assess, understand and improve these factors in students of all school levels and especially in higher education, with the purpose of optimizing the teaching and learning processes developed in school contexts.

17.
Biotechnol Bioeng ; 112(3): 627-32, 2015 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25311910

RESUMO

Hydroxycinnamic acids are known to inhibit microbial growth during fermentation of lignocellulosic biomass hydrolysates, and the ability to diminish hydroxycinnamic acid toxicity would allow for more effective biological conversion of biomass to fuels and other value-added products. In this work, we provide a proof-of-concept of an in situ approach to remove these fermentation inhibitors through constituent expression of a phenolic acid decarboxylase combined with liquid-liquid extraction of the vinyl phenol products. As a first step, we confirmed using simulated fermentation conditions in two model organisms, Escherichia coli and Saccharomyces cerevisiae, that the product 4-vinyl guaiacol is more inhibitory to growth than ferulic acid. Partition coefficients of ferulic acid, p-coumaric acid, 4-vinyl guaiacol, and 4-ethyl phenol were measured for long-chain primary alcohols and alkanes, and tetradecane was identified as a co-solvent that can preferentially extract vinyl phenols relative to the acid parent and additionally had no effect on microbial growth rates or ethanol yields. Finally, E. coli expressing an active phenolic acid decarboxylase retained near maximum anaerobic growth rates in the presence of ferulic acid if and only if tetradecane was added to the fermentation broth. This work confirms the feasibility of donating catabolic pathways into fermentative microorganisms in order to ameliorate the effects of hydroxycinnamic acids on growth rates, and suggests a general strategy of detoxification by simultaneous biological conversion and extraction.


Assuntos
Ácidos Cumáricos/isolamento & purificação , Fermentação , Lignina/metabolismo , Extração Líquido-Líquido/métodos , Engenharia Metabólica/métodos , Ácidos Cumáricos/toxicidade , Escherichia coli/efeitos dos fármacos , Escherichia coli/genética , Escherichia coli/metabolismo , Fermentação/efeitos dos fármacos , Fermentação/fisiologia , Lignina/química , Saccharomyces cerevisiae/efeitos dos fármacos , Saccharomyces cerevisiae/genética , Saccharomyces cerevisiae/metabolismo
18.
Salud(i)ciencia (Impresa) ; 20(4): 368-372, mar.-2014.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-790863

RESUMO

Plantear un modelo matemático predictivo de mortalidad para la hemorragia supratentorial espontánea. Material y métodos: Se efectuó un estudio prospectivo en las unidades de Terapia Intensiva del Hospital General Manuel Belgrano y el Policlínico Central de la Unión Obrera Metalúrgica (Buenos Aires, Argentina). Se evaluó la localización de la hemorragia, el volumen del hematoma (V), la presencia de volcado ventricular (VV) y la desviación de la línea media (DLM). Resultados: El análisis mostró que el volumen del hematoma, la desviación de la línea media y la presencia de volcado ventricular se comportaron como factores predictivos independientes de mortalidad. Por el método de regresión logística múltiple se demuestra que el volcado ventricular incrementa el riesgo de mortalidad en 3.1 veces. Por cada centímetro cúbico de aumento del volumen del hematoma se incrementa la mortalidad un 6.2%, y por cada milímetro de desviación de la línea media la probabilidad de mortalidad se incrementa en 32.8%. Este modelo demuestra tener una sensibilidad del 79.8% y una especificidad del 95.2%. El rango de clasificación correcta es del 89%. El logit del modelo fue: -4.948 + 1.415 (VV) + 0.06 (V) + 0.248 (DLM). Conclusiones: En la población en estudio fue posible plantear un modelo matemático de probabilidad con alta sensibilidad y especificidad...


Assuntos
Masculino , Adulto , Feminino , Idoso , Acidente Vascular Cerebral , Hemorragia Cerebral , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Hematoma , Interpretação Estatística de Dados , Mortalidade
19.
Univ. salud ; 14(1): 50-66, ene.-jun. 2012. graf, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-659531

RESUMO

La investigación se orientó a determinar qué relación existe entre las dimensiones de la práctica pedagógica y el nivel y dimensiones de burnout que presentan las y los docentes de educación media vinculados a instituciones educativas adscritas a CONACED ubicadas en el perímetro urbano de San Juan de Pasto, empleando para ello un paradigma cuantitativo de investigación de tipo descriptivo correlacional, analizando un total de 152 docentes en ejerció vinculados a 13 Instituciones Educativas de la ciudad. Los instrumentos empleados para el estudio fueron la Escala Maslash para el Burnout y el Inventario de Travers y Cooper para la Práctica Pedagógica. Como resultado se pudo responder a interrogantes como ¿Los docentes se encuentran afectados por el síndrome de burnout?, ¿Cuál es el nivel de burnout experimentado por los docentes y cuál es la dimensión que más los afecta?, ¿Cuál es la relación de éstos niveles y dimensiones, con las diferentes unidades de análisis de la práctica pedagógica? El responder a estas inquietudes permitió concluir que los docentes presentan un nivel de burnout medio con puntuaciones destacadas en las dimensiones despersonalización y escasa realización personal y una fuerte correlación con la dimensión de la práctica pedagógica denominada demandas relacionales y condiciones sociales del trabajo, hallazgos que enriquecen la compresión de los diferentes procesos vividos en el campo educativo y su relación con el bien vivir de uno de sus protagonistas más importantes, el maestro.


The research aims to determine what relationship exists between the dimensions of pedagogical practice and the extent and dimensions of burnout presented by middle school teachers linked to educational institutions affiliated to CONACED located in the city limits of San Juan de Pasto by using a quantitative correlational descriptive research paradigm, analyzing a total of 152 teachers from 13 educational institutions from the city The instruments used for the study were Maslash Scale for Burnout and the Travers and Cooper Inventory for the Pedagogical Practice. As a result, some questions could be answered like: Are the teachers affected by the syndrome of burnout? What is the level of burnout experienced by teachers and what is the dimension that most affects them? What is the relationship between these levels and dimensions with the different units of analysis of pedagogical practice? Responding to these concerns led to the conclusion that teachers have a medium level of burnout with leading scores in the dimensions of depersonalization and low personal accomplishment and a strong correlation with the dimension of pedagogical practice called relational demands and social conditions of work. These findings enrich the understanding of the different processes experienced in education and its relationship to the good life of one of its most important protagonists, the teacher.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Esgotamento Profissional
20.
PLoS One ; 6(6): e21280, 2011.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21701585

RESUMO

We have identified an environmental bacterium in the Candidate Division TM7 with ≥98.5% 16S rDNA gene homology to a group of TM7 bacteria associated with the human oral cavity and skin. The environmental TM7 bacterium (referred to as TM7a-like) was readily detectable in wastewater with molecular techniques over two years of sampling. We present the first images of TM7a-like cells through FISH technique and the first images of any TM7 as viable cells through the STARFISH technique. In situ quantification showed TM7 concentration in wastewater up to five times greater than in human oral sites. We speculate that upon further characterization of the physiology and genetics of the TM7a-like bacterium from environmental sources and confirmation of its genomic identity to human-associated counterparts it will serve as model organisms to better understand its role in human health. The approach proposed circumvents difficulties imposed by sampling humans, provides an alternative strategy to characterizing some diseases of unknown etiology, and renders a much needed understanding of the ecophysiological role hundreds of unique Bacteria and Archaea strains play in mixed microbial communities.


Assuntos
Bactérias/genética , Bactérias/classificação , Humanos , Hibridização in Situ Fluorescente , Microscopia de Fluorescência , Boca/microbiologia , Filogenia , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase , RNA Ribossômico 16S/genética , Microbiologia da Água
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